What does it consist of?
The title registration proceeding is a voluntary jurisdiction procedure conducted before a notary with the collaboration of the property registrar. Its purpose is to obtain a valid and effective title to register the ownership of a real estate property in the Property Registry when there is no previously registered title or when there is a discrepancy between the physical or legal reality of the property and its registry record.
This procedure is especially useful for:
Registering properties that have never been recorded in the Property Registry.
Resuming the successive chain of ownership when the property’s registered owner does not match reality and there is no continuous chain of transfers.
Correcting discrepancies in the size, boundaries, or description of a registered property (excess or deficit of area).
All these cases are based on procedures set out in the Mortgage Law, particularly in Articles 201, 203, 205, and 208.
Required Documentation
To initiate an “expediente de dominio,” the following documents are generally required:
Proof of ownership (deed of sale, inheritance, adjudication, etc.).
Cadastral certificate with descriptive and graphical data of the property, including updated information of the owner and neighbors.
Identification of existing charges or encumbrances on the property, along with their holders.
Identification of possessors or tenants, if applicable.
For chain resumption procedures, documentation proving intermediate transfers, if any.
It is important to note that the proceeding will be entirely processed before a notary and coordinated with the competent Property Registry.
Situations in which this service can be used
This service is particularly indicated when:
You are the owner of a property that has never been registered and wish to obtain its registration.
You have acquired a property from someone who is not the registered owner, and the chain of transfers cannot be easily reconstructed.
It is necessary to correct errors or differences in the registry description of a property compared to its physical reality.
Additionally, it can be useful in certain unregistered inheritance or donation cases, or when a property has historically never been entered in the Property Registry.